In modern steelmaking and casting plants, steel is produced either in a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) or in an electric arc furnace (EAF). In a BOF, hot metal and scrap are blown by oxygen gas with a flux addition, such as lime, to remove carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon. A modern EAF produces steel by remelting and refining steel scrap and other raw materials, and also uses oxygen gas injection and lime addition. The steel melt with dissolved oxygen thus produced is tapped into a ladle, where it is deoxidized with ferroalloys, Fe-Si, Fe-Si-Mn, and/or metallic aluminum. The deoxidation products, such as silica, mangano silicates, alumina, alumino silicates, aluminates and/or their composites, are largely removed from the melt by flotation. Whenever necessary, the deoxidized melt is further processed in a ladle furnace (LF) to remove any remaining suspended oxide particles (called non-metallic inclusions, or simply inclusions), to lower the sulfur content, and to adjust the melt’s chemistry and temperature. Degassing of steel melt is done in vacuum refining facilities (RH, VAD, or VOD) to decrease hydrogen for crack sensitive grades and/or carbon for ultra low carbon grades to meet customer specifications. The increasing cost of power and the rapid depletion of conventional sources of energy have necessitated effective heat management and energy conservation in industrial processes. Tundish Insulating powder (TIP) products provide high compressive strength and low shrinkage at high temperatures; and thus offer a cost-effective energy management solution for industrial processes. The increasing cost of power and the rapid depletion of conventional sources of energy have necessitated effective heat management and energy conservation in industrial processes. Tundish Insulating Powder (TIP) products provide high compressive strength and low shrinkage at high temperatures; and thus offer a cost-effective energy management solution for industrial processes. Tundish Insulating Powder products are materials used in application requiring high temperatures (generally more than 1000°C) across various end use industries. New emerging applications of Tundish Insulating Powder (TIP) include aerospace and fire protection. Growing need to conserve energy across various industries is expected to be a key driver for the market. Additionally, stringent regulations imposed on cement, oil & gas and metal producers to reduce green house emissions has also had a significant impact on developing market demand.